What Is Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy?

Q: What is the difference between hyperbaric oxygen and conventional oxygen therapy?

The main difference between the two methods lies in atmospheric pressure and, consequently, in the way oxygen dissolves in the blood. Conventional oxygen therapy addresses insufficient oxygen levels in the lungs, whereas Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy uses increased pressure to allow oxygen to reach tissues throughout the body more effectively.

Q: Is Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy safe?

Yes, it is a very safe treatment when carried out under medical supervision by a physician specializing in hyperbaric medicine. During each session, the patient is continuously monitored by camera and intercom by specialized nursing staff. Before the first treatment, a complete medical history is taken and a clinical examination is performed in order to rule out contraindications and determine an individualized treatment plan.

Q: What does a person feel inside the hyperbaric chamber?

The experience inside the hyperbaric chamber is generally comfortable and painless. Initially, as the pressure increases, the patient may experience a sensation of blocked ears, similar to what is felt during aircraft takeoff or landing. The nursing staff explains simple pressure-equalization techniques to help relieve this sensation. During treatment, there is generally no discomfort and the patient can relax normally. At the end, when the pressure is reduced, the same sensation may briefly return and then resolve on its own.

What is Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT)?

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy is the administration of 100% oxygen at a pressure higher than normal atmospheric pressure. The treatment takes place inside a special chamber (hyperbaric chamber). During treatment, the pressure inside the chamber is increased and the patient breathes 100% oxygen through a special mask. In this way, oxygen dissolves in the blood at concentrations up to 20 times higher, allowing it to reach tissues that have difficulty receiving adequate oxygen. It is an approved, scientifically documented medical treatment and should only be performed in specialized medical centers.

How does hyperbaric oxygen work in the body?

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy enables the immediate delivery of large amounts of oxygen throughout the body. The increased oxygen pressure stimulates the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis) and activates stem cells and growth factors that accelerate tissue healing. At the same time, it enhances the function of white blood cells, helping the body fight infections more effectively. In injured or chronically inflamed tissues where blood supply is reduced, the increased availability of oxygen is important for recovery. The result is faster wound healing, reduction of edema, and tissue regeneration.

What conditions are treated with hyperbaric oxygen?

The treatment is used for a wide range of conditions, from orthopaedic problems such as bone marrow edema and delayed fracture healing, to vascular conditions such as diabetic foot and chronic ulcers, neurological conditions such as facial nerve palsy and multiple sclerosis, complications of radiation therapy, and ENT conditions such as sudden hearing loss. It is also used in dermatological, maxillofacial, urological, and aesthetic applications. Each indication is assessed individually by a physician specializing in hyperbaric medicine.

What is the difference between hyperbaric oxygen and conventional oxygen therapy?

The main difference between the two methods lies in atmospheric pressure and, consequently, in the way oxygen dissolves in the blood.

Conventional oxygen therapy addresses insufficient oxygen levels in the lungs, whereas Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy acts as a “medicine” that, through increased pressure, allows oxygen to penetrate deeply into tissues throughout the body.

Safety, Procedure & Duration

Is Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy safe?

Yes, it is an extremely safe treatment when carried out under medical supervision by a physician specializing in hyperbaric medicine. During each session, the patient is continuously monitored by camera and intercom by specialized nursing staff. Before the first treatment, a complete medical history is taken and a clinical examination is performed in order to rule out contraindications and determine an individualized treatment plan.

How long does a hyperbaric oxygen session last?

A typical session lasts approximately 90 minutes, depending on the protocol established by the treating physician for the specific condition. During the session, the patient sits comfortably inside the chamber and can read, listen to music, or simply rest.

How many hyperbaric oxygen sessions are usually required?

The number of sessions is fully individualized and determined by the physician specializing in hyperbaric medicine, depending on the condition, the patient’s medical history, and clinical assessment. A general estimate is 15–20 sessions, usually carried out daily from Monday to Friday. Progress is reassessed regularly and the treatment plan is adjusted according to the patient’s response.

What does a person feel inside the hyperbaric chamber?

The experience inside the hyperbaric chamber is generally comfortable and painless. Initially, as the pressure increases, the patient may experience a sensation of blocked ears, similar to what is felt during aircraft takeoff or landing. The nursing staff explains simple pressure-equalization techniques to help relieve this sensation. During treatment, there is generally no discomfort and the patient can relax normally. At the end, when the pressure is reduced, the same sensation may briefly return and then resolve on its own.

What are the side effects of hyperbaric oxygen?

Potential side effects are rare and usually mild, the most common being difficulty equalizing pressure in the ears, which can be managed with simple techniques during the session. Some patients may experience temporary fatigue or a temporary change in vision, which resolves after completion of the treatment course. Serious complications are extremely rare when treatment is performed in a certified facility under medical supervision. Before treatment begins, the treating physician provides detailed information on everything the patient needs to know.

What are the contraindications for hyperbaric oxygen?

The only absolute contraindication is untreated pneumothorax, meaning the presence of air in the pleural cavity. Before treatment, the physician specializing in hyperbaric medicine reviews the patient’s complete medical history in order to rule out risks. This ensures that treatment can be carried out safely or postponed if necessary.

Indications by Condition

Hyperbaric oxygen for bone marrow edema: does it help?

Yes, Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy is used as an established treatment option for bone marrow edema, as it improves blood supply and accelerates recovery. Increased oxygenation reduces inflammation and helps relieve pain, particularly in cases that do not respond fully to conservative treatment. It is usually incorporated into a broader treatment plan in cooperation with the orthopaedic physician. The number of sessions is individualized according to the extent of the edema.

Hyperbaric oxygen for diabetic foot: how effective is it?

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy is considered one of the more established treatments for diabetic foot, as it improves oxygenation in tissues with reduced blood supply due to diabetes. It helps with the healing of chronic ulcers, reduces the risk of amputation, and enhances the effectiveness of other treatments, such as medication and wound dressing changes. It is always used in cooperation with the patient’s treating physician as part of a comprehensive treatment plan. Early initiation of treatment is associated with better outcomes.

Does hyperbaric oxygen help with sports injuries?

Yes, the treatment is widely used to accelerate recovery after sports injuries such as muscle strains, sprains, and tendinitis. It reduces edema and inflammation around the injured tissue, allowing a faster return to sporting activity. Many athletes also use it preventively to improve endurance and reduce the risk of injury. The treatment protocol is adapted according to the type and severity of the injury.

Hyperbaric oxygen for sudden hearing loss and tinnitus: does it work?

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss is one of the more established indications for Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy, particularly when treatment begins early. Increased oxygenation of the inner ear helps support the recovery of sensory cell function. In many cases, improvement is observed both in hearing and tinnitus (ringing in the ears). Treatment is always combined with the medication already prescribed by the ENT specialist.

Hyperbaric oxygen for radiation complications in oncology patients: when is it indicated?

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy is used to treat chronic complications of radiotherapy, such as radiation damage to soft tissues and bone, hemorrhagic cystitis, and radiation-induced colitis. It helps promote the formation of new blood vessels in tissues damaged by radiation, improving healing and reducing symptoms. It is always applied in close cooperation with the patient’s oncologist as an adjunctive treatment. The number of sessions is determined according to the extent of the damage.

Hyperbaric oxygen for facial nerve palsy: can it help recovery?

The treatment may contribute to faster recovery from facial nerve palsy by improving oxygenation and supporting nerve regeneration in the affected area. The best results are observed when treatment begins early after the onset of symptoms. It is usually combined with physiotherapy and any medication already prescribed. Progress is monitored through regular follow-up examinations.

Hyperbaric oxygen for chronic wounds and non-healing ulcers: what does it offer?

In chronic wounds and venous stasis ulcers that do not respond to conventional treatment, Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy enhances local oxygenation and stimulates the formation of new tissue. This can significantly accelerate the healing process while reducing the risk of infection and complications. It is generally used alongside proper wound care and, where appropriate, vascular surgical monitoring. The treatment can be particularly useful in patients with underlying diabetes or circulation problems.

Hyperbaric oxygen after dental implants or maxillofacial surgery: is it necessary?

In patients with a history of radiation exposure to the jaw area or an increased risk of complications, Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy may be used preventively before and after dental implants or maxillofacial procedures. It improves blood supply to the bone, reducing the risk of osteonecrosis and supporting successful implant integration. The need for treatment is assessed jointly with the patient’s maxillofacial surgeon or dentist. It is also used in cases of osteomyelitis of the jaw.

Hyperbaric oxygen for male infertility: is there an indication?

In cases of male infertility associated with blood-flow disorders, Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy may be incorporated as a supportive measure within the treatment plan. It aims to improve oxygenation, which may affect the function of tissues related to fertility. The indication is assessed individually, in cooperation with the patient’s urologist or andrologist. It is not a standalone treatment for infertility, but a complementary approach.

Hyperbaric oxygen for chronic fatigue and fibromyalgia: can it help?

Improved tissue oxygenation may contribute to reducing symptoms of chronic fatigue and fibromyalgia in some patients by increasing energy levels and reducing inflammation. Results vary from patient to patient and are evaluated through regular follow-up examinations during the treatment course. It is always incorporated into a broader management plan in cooperation with the treating physician. The hyperbaric medicine specialist will assess whether the treatment is appropriate for the individual case.

Hyperbaric oxygen for retinal artery or vein occlusion: is it an emergency treatment?

Central retinal artery occlusion is considered a medical emergency in which immediate initiation of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy may significantly improve the prognosis for vision. Increased oxygenation aims to maintain retinal viability until normal blood flow is restored. Time is a critical factor, which is why contact with a specialized hyperbaric medicine unit should be made immediately. Treatment is coordinated in cooperation with the patient’s ophthalmologist.

Hyperbaric oxygen for Crohn’s disease: can it help?

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy is used as supportive treatment in patients with Crohn’s disease, particularly in cases involving complications such as fistulas or difficult-to-heal lesions. Improved oxygenation enhances healing of intestinal tissues and may help reduce inflammation. It is always applied in cooperation with the patient’s gastroenterologist as a supplement to medication. The indication and number of sessions are individualized according to the severity of the disease.

Aesthetic & Regenerative Applications

Hyperbaric oxygen for acne: does it really help the skin?

Increased oxygen levels in tissues have anti-inflammatory effects and promote collagen production, which is why Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy is used as a complementary approach in the treatment of acne and the reduction of acne marks. It improves skin healing and may be combined with other aesthetic procedures for better results. It does not replace dermatological treatment, but can support a comprehensive skin-care protocol. Results are gradual and depend on the severity of the condition.

What is YKIA’s SkinReGen Protocol?

The SkinReGen Protocol is a specialized regenerative protocol developed by YKIA that combines Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy, cosmetic acupuncture, and microneedling with exosomes. This combination promotes collagen production and accelerates deep skin renewal beyond what each treatment may provide individually. It is intended for people seeking regenerative anti-aging care supported by scientific principles. The protocol is individualized according to the needs of each patient’s skin.

What is HO2T beauty and how is it connected to hyperbaric oxygen?

HO2T beauty utilizes the regenerative properties of hyperbaric oxygen within aesthetic medicine, promoting collagen production and general skin rejuvenation. It is often combined with other plastic and aesthetic medicine procedures, enhancing their results. This approach forms part of the modern regenerative treatments offered by YKIA. The protocol is individualized according to each patient’s goals.

Hyperbaric oxygen for burns: when is it used?

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy is used in the treatment of burns to accelerate healing and reduce the risk of infection in the affected area. It may also help improve the survival of skin grafts following surgical reconstruction of burns. It is always applied in cooperation with the plastic surgery or dermatology team responsible for the patient’s care. Early initiation of treatment is associated with better aesthetic and functional outcomes.

Cost, Appointments & EOPYY

How much does Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy cost in Athens?

It is a relatively affordable treatment when considered in relation to the potential benefit for the patient. YKIA provides individualized information regarding cost following the initial medical assessment of each case. For exact pricing, direct contact with the center is recommended.

Do insurance companies cover Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy?

Insurance companies may reimburse the cost of treatment depending on the terms of the patient’s insurance policy. The center can inform the patient about the steps required for possible insurance coverage.

How do I book an appointment for Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy at YKIA?

Appointments can be booked by telephone at 210 610 7288 or by email at info@ykia.gr. The first appointment includes a complete medical assessment by a physician specializing in hyperbaric medicine so that the appropriate treatment plan can be determined. The unit operates Monday to Friday at 5 Granikou Street, Marousi. Patients are advised to bring any previous medical examinations or test results.

Where is YKIA located and what are its opening hours?

Athens Hyperbaric & Diving Medicine (YKIA) is located at 5 Granikou Street, Marousi. The unit operates Monday to Friday and can be contacted by telephone at 210 610 7288. It has a modern 12-seat hyperbaric oxygen chamber that is fully air-conditioned and equipped according to current safety standards.

Do I need a doctor’s referral for Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy?

It is not necessary to already have a referral before contacting YKIA, as a complete medical assessment is performed by the hyperbaric medicine specialist during the first visit. However, if you already have a diagnosis or recommendation from your treating physician, it is useful to bring it with you. Treatment is always coordinated in cooperation with the other physicians involved in the patient’s care.

Can children receive Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy?

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy can also be administered to children, always following assessment by the physician specializing in hyperbaric medicine and in cooperation with the child’s treating physician. Suitability is assessed individually according to the child’s age, condition, and ability to remain comfortable inside the chamber. The unit’s staff aim to make the experience as comfortable and safe as possible.

Can a person using a wheelchair or stretcher receive treatment?

Yes, treatment can also be carried out for patients who use wheelchairs or require transport by stretcher, depending on their condition. YKIA’s spacious 12-seat chamber is designed to accommodate patients with different mobility needs safely and comfortably. Specialized staff assist throughout the process of entering, remaining inside, and leaving the chamber.

Why YKIA?

What is the difference between different hyperbaric oxygen units?

Although all units use hyperbaric oxygen chambers, treatment outcomes do not depend solely on equipment, but also on the individualization of the protocol, the experience of the medical team, and the monitoring of the patient’s progress. Oxygen dosage, the frequency of follow-up assessments, and cooperation with the patient’s other treating physicians can significantly influence the treatment process. Units with certified modern equipment and specialized personnel tend to report better published outcomes.

Why should I choose YKIA for Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy?

Athens Hyperbaric & Diving Medicine has been operating since 2009 and is one of the modern hyperbaric medicine units in Greece, offering an individualized treatment plan for each patient. It has a modern, certified 12-seat chamber and an experienced, specialized medical and nursing team under the supervision of Dr. Pavlos Vavasis. The unit monitors each patient’s progress through regular, free follow-up examinations, including after completion of the treatment sessions. It works closely with each patient’s treating physicians so that Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy can function as a complementary part of the overall treatment strategy.

Who is Dr. Pavlos Vavasis?

Dr. Pavlos Vavasis is a physician specializing in Hyperbaric Medicine, former Director of the Hyperbaric Medicine Units at the Athens Naval Hospital and Metropolitan Hospital, and Head of Athens Hyperbaric & Diving Medicine. He has many years of clinical experience in the application of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy across a broad range of conditions, from orthopaedic to neurological and oncology-related cases. He has participated as an invited speaker at international scientific symposia on regenerative medicine. He personally supervises the design of individualized treatment protocols for each patient at the unit.